CHARACTER EDUCATION STRATEGY AT BOARDING SCHOOL

The purpose of this article is to describe and determine the planning, implementation, and evaluation of character education at the Qur'an Al-Qosimi Islamic Boarding School. The method in this study uses a qualitative method with the type of case study. The subjects of this study were students of the Al-Qur'an Al-Qosimi Islamic Boarding School. From the findings obtained from character education in PPQ through habituation, giving advice, exemplary, practice and giving rewards and punishments. This article produces (1) Planning that adapts the vision and mission from here, each supervisor has various strategies according to their creativity and abilities. (2) Implementation, namely training and instilling the spirit of honesty, independence, responsibility, compassion, mutual cooperation, simplicity, this can be realized by practicing habituation in everyday life, monitored, supervised, sanctioned, and rewarded, students will be stimulated to do which is even better every time you take action. (3) Evaluation of character formation cannot be carried out by administrators and caregivers alone but must involve other parties as supporters of the success of character education at PPQ so that PPQ cooperates with the pesantren community, santri guardians, and monitors every activity inside and outside the pesantren, so that makes it easier to evaluate each individual student.


INTRODUCTION
diniyah subjects, which are packaged in the form of moral learning, and emphasizes student discipline. 7 Thomas Lickona said that basic education has two goals, namely to guide the younger generation to be smart and have virtuous behavior. Education is not only concerned with intellectuals alone but also pays attention to the morals of students. 8 According to Musfiroh in Kiromi someone who behaves dishonestly, cruelly, likes to steal is called a person who has a bad character. While people who like to be honest, helpful, polite, can be said to be someone who has good character. 9 Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) are Islamic educational institutions to understand, appreciate and practice Islamic teachings by emphasizing the importance of religious morals as a way of life in everyday society. 10 Islamic boarding schools in general are more focused on values that have been traditionally established, although lately, pesantren have also adopted modern values that are combined with traditional values in an integrative and selective manner. Islamic boarding schools are the oldest indigenous educational institutions in Indonesia, a typical Indonesian educational institution is known as a place to produce (Islamic) experts, the term is tafaqquh fiddin. 11 The purpose of this pesantren is to produce a generation of al-Qur'an hafidzah who are able to practice it, have strong faith, and uphold the moral values of Karima. However, in the process of course it will not be separated from several problems such as ghosab behavior (using things that do not belong to him and after being returned to his place), not using polite language, low discipline of bullying carried out by students, belittling the rules, throwing away garbage out of place and so on. The effort of the Al-Qur'an Islamic Boarding School Al-Qosimi Putukrejo Gondanglegi Malang is so that students, apart from being memorizers of the Qur'an, also have good and commendable characters.
As a temporary observation on March 23, 2021, many religious activities were implemented such as the habit of answering the call to prayer together, habituation of polite language, congregational prayers and sunnah prayers, reciting the Koran. This is of course in order to become students with character and become human beings who have strong faith and piety and have al-karimah character. Therefore, with these activities indirectly good habits will be embedded in students which will be useful in the future and also beneficial for the surrounding environment.
From these problems, the researchers are interested in studying more deeply the Character Education Strategy in Islamic Boarding Schools, especially in Al-Qur'an Islamic Boarding Schools Al-Qosimi Putukrejo Gondanglegi Malang. Through this research, it is expected to obtain an overview of character education strategies at the Al-Qur'an Islamic Boarding School Al-Qosimi Putukrejo Gondanglegi Malang. Includes: (1) How to plan character education in the Qur'an al-Qosimi Islamic boarding school. (2) How is the implementation of character education implanted in the Qur'an al-Qosimi Islamic boarding school.
(3) How is the evaluation of character education in the Qur'an al-Qosimi Islamic boarding school.

METHOD
In this study, the researcher used a descriptive qualitative approach. According to Sugiono, the qualitative research method is called naturalistic research because the research is conducted in natural conditions (natural setting) because it is called qualitative because the data collected and the analysis are qualitative. 12 Qualitative research is a research method used in researching natural object conditions, where the researcher himself is the main source, data collection techniques are combined, analysis is inductive, and qualitative research results emphasize meaning rather than generalization. 13 The type of research used is a case study, focusing on cases in an individual or group event or portrait of life. According to Arikunto, a case study is a research that studies intensively the ins and outs of the object under study, it is observed that what is happening at this time directly interacts with the environment, whether social, community, institutional or individual. In accordance with this study, researchers will look for descriptive data and analyze in detail the character education strategy at Al-Qur'an Islamic Boarding School Al-Qosimi Gondanglegi Malang so far. This requires qualitative research to describe the data from the findings obtained in the field. 14 Using the type of case study research, where the case study is a method to understand the individual, which is carried out in a comprehensive integrative way so that a deep understanding of the individual and the problems he faces so that the problem is resolved and gain self-development. This method requires in-depth research on a situation by using systematic methods of observing, collecting data, analyzing data, and writing reports. Methods of data collection are divided into two. The primary source is the origin of the data that provides data directly to the data collectors and the secondary source is the source that does not directly provide the data to the data collectors. Data collection techniques in this study include observation, interviews, documentation. While the data analysis techniques are data reduction, data presentation.
Al-Qur'an Islamic Boarding School Al-Qosimi Putukrejo Gondanglegi Malang is referred to as one of the Islamic boarding schools that implements a different curriculum from other Tahfidz Islamic Boarding Schools, where besides guiding in memorizing the Qur'an, this pesantren also teaches, trains and instills the importance of students have a good character so that graduates from PPQ are not surprised if, in addition to being hafidzah, they also practice the contents of the Qur'an with al-karimah character.
The results of observations and interviews with the head of the pesantren, the character of the santri tahfidz Al-qur'an Al-qosimi Putukrejo Gondanglegi Malang, the character of the santri (student in Islamic Boarding School) is quite good, but there are still some students who need guidance in their character, as well as encouragement, direction from caregivers, friends' parents become one that could enable them to do good things. It takes a motivation that makes students able to change their character by using al-karimah character. In this case, what is done by the ustadzah (teacher in Islamic Boarding School) in instilling character education is with several plans, first adjusting the vision and mission, program activities, and activities of the pesantren in this way.
Implementation of activities at PPQ, not only makes students able to memorize, recite the Koran and are great teachers, but also practice the contents of the Qur'an which are applied through daily activities, without realizing it they will get used to respecting the older and loving the younger, with good character, polite and courteous, disciplined, honest and responsible, small examples of how to speak using soft language (polite) regardless of small children, young people, and the elderly, all of whom they consider the same must prioritize politeness.
As stated by Mrs. Hj. Maria Ulfa that character education at PPQ is not only during activities, but we also prefer that character education activities are carried out in every daily activity of students, by providing advice, monitoring, habituation, and students are taught to practice honesty to use their own belongings, may not borrow from a friend unless it is urgent. At the end of the year, students who have good character will be announced and rewarded with a certificate. 15 The planting of character education carried out in the Al-Qur'an Islamic Boarding School is not only integrated with the time the activity takes place, at PPQ they do more practice into real life, such as giving advice, monitoring, habituation, doing honesty from trivial things, from here they do not will feel free to do things that are considered small, such as littering, not using polite language when talking to friends. In PPQ, character education is very thick with the appreciation given to students who maintain their morals, will be given awards.
Activities in other pesantren as supporting character education such as habituation to answer the call to prayer, habituation of congregational prayers, dhuha prayer, tahajjud prayer, fasting Monday and Thursday, throwing garbage in its place, habituation on time (discipline), honesty, responsibility, offering to massage parents when visiting and so on.
Based on the discussion of the data above, the researcher can conclude that character education in the al-Qur'an al-Qosimi Islamic boarding school does not simply rely on meetings in forums, but really needs interaction with the direct environment, so that they will know the real conditions, not just theory. mastered¸ such as interacting with older friends, younger friends, polite way of speaking, active in activities, time discipline, throwing garbage in its place.
In connection with research findings that show the character of students who are disciplined, and actively participate in a series of pesantren activities, both memorizing activities and congregational prayer activities are the result of the habituation process carried out by the Al-Qur'an Islamic Boarding School Al-Qosimi Putukrejo Gondanglegi Malang. In line with Muhammad Hanif quoting Hamalkin that the planning carried out at PPQ is a model of The disciplines model, this planning focuses on teachers, they themselves plan the curriculum based on systematic considerations about the relevance of philosophical knowledge (knowledge issues that are meaningful ), sociology (social trend arguments), psychology (to tell about sequences of subject matter, and the unplanned model is a model based on teachers' intuitive judgments in the classroom as a form of decision-making, little effort except formulating specific objectives, formalities, opinions, and intellectual analysis. 16 The implementation of character education in al-Qur'an al-Qosimi Islamic boarding schools must adjust the learning program as a support for the formation of good character for students, the program starts at 02.23 in the morning. At that time the students had been awakened by the administrator who served as security. Before the dawn prayer, students are required to pray repentance, tahajjud prayer, and prayer intent, until the dawn call to prayer and dawn prayer in the congregation are things that must be obeyed by all students.
The implementation of character education in al-Qur'an al-Qosimi Islamic boarding schools must adjust the learning program to support the formation of good character for students, starting from waking up at 02.30 in the morning ending at 22.00 wib. Character education which is the first priority in this pesantren is to form the character of students who are disciplined, orderly, honest, and obedient to religious rules and values.
The routine at PPQ Al-Qosimi contains aspects of memorization: [1] Read-listen (deposit) to caregivers for students who have reached the fifth juz, and to ustadzah for students who have not achieved it; [2] Repetition (muraja'ah) for students who facilitate memorization, both individually and with peers. Exams (imtihan) for students who have added memorization through the stages of clerics and caregivers; [3] General reading (qira'ah assembly) for students who have passed certain verifications to read the Qur'an through 16  Based on the documentation obtained by the researchers, it includes a program of activities that contain aspects of ubudiyah: [1] Prayers in congregation five times that must be followed by students since the sound of the call to prayer is sounded with the provisions of listening, answering and reading the prayer after the call to prayer together, then closed with wiridan and prayer; [2] Friday night tahfidz prayer in the congregation; [3] The maqbarah pilgrimage of the founder of PP Raudlatul Ulum 2 Putukrejo once a week is attended by all students in order to strengthen the inner bond between teachers and students.
As a manifestation of the gradual memorization process, since 2019 Ning Ulfa has implemented a selection of new students consisting of only junior high school level, while for levels other than junior high school they will be tested first before being actually accepted at PPQ Al-Qosimi. All students who pass the validation are required to follow the Qiroaty Method program so that the memorization process is free from reading disabilities. Caregivers also recommend for senior students take part in the Qiroaty Method Teacher Guidance program as an additional provision in the future when they are in the midst of society.
Apart from the core routine, the students are accustomed to keeping the environment clean by sorting inorganic waste (dry waste) and organic waste (wet waste) so that by the end of 2020, the students will be able to generate funds from this waste empowerment. In addition to the students being taught to cook by applying a cooking picket every week in rotation, they are also given the opportunity to exercise by bringing in gymnastic instructors from outside every Friday. 17 From the results of research that has been carried out in the field of collaboration with families and the pesantren community environment greatly affects the character development of students, where the role of the family and the environment in forming students with character in everyday life they will find is anything that is in the surrounding environment, family and friends. and a supportive environment will more easily produce the expected character of the students. 18 And the character values instilled in the Al-Qur'an Al-Qosimi Islamic Boarding School can be categorized into five, namely (1) character values related to God, (2) character values related to oneself, (3) character values related to self. relating to others, (4) character values related to the environment, and (5) character values related to nationality. This grouping is in accordance with the grouping carried out by the Ministry of National Education.
The research findings related to the implementation of character education at the Al-Qur'an Islamic Boarding School Al-Qosimi Putukrejo Gondanglegi Malang. 1) The implementation of the vision and mission adjustments has been recorded during the process of memorizing students, with the ethics of memorizing students, it is hoped that they will strengthen their intentions, pray to Allah, have riyahdoh (practice) according to their abilities, tawassul, maintain ethics towards the Qur'an, pray and ask for prayers to others. both parents. 2) Dawuh mother nyai and romo Kiai remain the attention of the board of caretakers, boarding school administrators. 3) The implementation of the learning program can be seen during the KBM process, which is stated in the boarding school rules and regulations.
Habituation carried out at PPQ In line with Muhammad Hanif's Journal includes 19 (a) Habituation activities are activities that are carried out repeatedly so that the activity becomes a habit. Habituation carried out at PPQ is all activities carried out starting from waking up until before going to bed again. This activity has been scheduled for the daily activities of students the students carry out routinely the activities that have been scheduled. The daily activities of the students start at 02.30 WIB, namely, tahfidz students are required to carry out repentance, tahajjud, hajat prayers and do not forget to pray five times in congregation, at 21.30 WIB students carry out preparation activities before bed (b) Habituation of exemplary, Mulyasa that the teacher's example is an attitude that has a major influence on growth and development so as to form a personality in order to prepare and develop human resources. 20 The main caretaker and head of PPQ provide examples, in Islamic boarding schools giving examples of exemplary is very emphasized ustadzah must always provide good uswah for students in ritual services, daily life examples of behavior in participating in congregational prayers, calling students starting with a brother or sister when speaking using polite language to set an example for others. (c) Giving Motivation, giving motivation is a symptom of an effort to encourage someone to do something. As stated by Mulyasa motivation is a driving or pulling force that causes behavior towards a certain goal. 21 The main caretaker and the head of the pesantren always provide motivation, direction to the highest level of the ustadzah assigned as a mentor to carry out their duties properly in accordance with the mission and goals desired by the caregivers. The form of giving motivation from pesantren caregivers is carried out during guidance and socialization with supervisors and also personally or directly.
Motivation is also given to students when the head of the pesantren controls the pesantren. The motivation carried out at PPQ by giving warnings and kindness by touching the heart and awakening is supported by three elements, namely, (1) about goodness and truth that must be done by a student, for example about manners must be in congregation and crafts in charity, (2) motivation in doing good, (3) warnings about sins or dangers that will arise from prohibitions for themselves and others. (c) Giving rewards and punishments in the world of education, the term reinforcement is commonly understood as a reward. According to Mulyasa a reward is a response to a behavior that can remind the possibility of repeating the behavior. 22 This is in accordance with the findings of research conducted by PPQ caregivers in developing the personality of students, namely caregivers giving rewards or awards to ustadzah and students who carry out religious activities well, this can be seen from the student monitoring book and supervisor's performance. Students who excel will be given awards and announced during the ceremony, sometimes also done at the end of the semester in the haflah al-imtihan event. While punishment is giving punishment to students when they are found to have committed a violation. Penalties are given to students who violate the rules. In PPQ, the punishment is divided into three light, moderate and severe punishments.
Sanctions imposed for students who violate vary, of course, not physical sanctions, but sanctions that educate and provide a deterrent effect. Santri who violate the age limit is not limited, but are evenly distributed, for example, if they do not answer the call to prayer, their mouth is plastered and they are told to stand next to the Islamic boarding school's garbage disposal.
Even if someone is given a necklace made of cardboard and it reads according to the student's violation, for example not answering the call to prayer, the box reads "I didn't answer the call to prayer" there is a sanction if PPQ is better known as ta'dzir, this is because the purpose of the sanction is to make kapok or deterrent (ta'dzir) is not to hurt or even injure.
Sanctions at the Al-Qur'an Al-Qosimi Islamic Boarding School include (1) light punishment if students do not deposit the Koran, students are late for congregational prayers, do not answer the call to prayer, do not picket, do not use polite language, say bad things, ( 2) moderate punishment if students fight, taunt each other, bullied, ghosab, steal, and (3) severe punishment, namely if students run away from the pesantren, bring electronic devices, communicate with the opposite sex instead of mahrom, steal, reveal genitalia, and so on.
The categories of punishment in PPQ include (1) light categories, standing in the sun once will take 15 minutes + flush, the punishment will increase if you do it twice, and so on.
(2) the category is standing, such as the position of people when bowing + 20 minutes of washing water and cleaning the bathroom (3) while the heavy category is students standing ruku' for 20 minutes, cleaning the courtyard bathroom, and notifying the parents/guardians of the students. Giving punishment is a way to prevent students from committing violations in the future. There are many other punishments that have a deterrent effect, for example not using polite language when communicating with colleagues or elders politely, then the mouth will be taped in the middle of the page.
With this reward and punishment, it has the advantage that it can minimize and even stop the behavior of students who are not good, violate the rules of the pesantren, while giving awards is able to motivate students, especially the students concerned. activity carried out by a leader related to the leadership role he carries out in order to maintain the quality of the products produced by the institution. In this case, according to the findings of researchers at PPQ, which was carried out by the head of the Islamic boarding school in developing the personality of the santri, namely the head of the pesantren took part in monitoring the performance of the ustadzah towards the religious activity program appointed as a supervisor for activities through meetings, socialization, namely the three activity programs at PPQ, was seen as less effective. and ensure that the infrastructure provided is in good condition. Supervision of students can be seen in addition to their morals, there is also a student guardian handbook. 24 The method of assessing character education in Islamic boarding schools is carried out by all administrators and clerics, the assessment is carried out at any time, both during class hours and outside class hours, namely by observing and recording, student discipline in language, discipline in disposing of garbage, picket, and discipline. santri in carrying out congregational prayers and when memorizing the Qur'an, worship is evaluated every day, and students who are not disciplined are given a punishment in which the administrator who sanctions is the supervisor of memorizing the Qur'an, if the violation exceeds the limit it will be discussed by the security with the caretaker board.
As the results of field observations show that monitoring of daily activities is not only carried out by the management, but also by the chairman of the room, administrators, and clerics every day for 2 weeks 1 time, while the evaluation for the ustadzah itself is carried out once a month, immediately carried out together with the board of caretakers, the follow-up to the evaluation is the monitoring of daily activities in the field. In this case, it is strengthened by the results of interviews with the head of security at the al-Qur'an Islamic boarding school, al-Qosimi Ustzadzah Sevi, conveying that monitoring is carried out at the pesantren every day, the first direct notification by the head of the room, administrators, new to the board of caretakers every month, so it will be easier and minimize the occurrence of violations.
Al-Qur'an al-Qosimi Islamic boarding school by involving all residents in the boarding school starting from the chairman of the room, administrators, mustahiqqah, finally the board of caretakers, this is one of the implementations carried out at PPQ, so that character education activities run more easily in monitoring, supervision of santri, so that they will be more closely monitored every day, and they will have less chance of committing violations.
From the results of observations made by researchers, they can classify two aspects of the level of success of character education, namely: first in terms of knowledge, to evaluate the extent to which students can memorize the Qur'an well, secondly in terms of behavior, to evaluate attitudes, attention, in the learning process and daily activities. In addition, there is also a notebook of violations brought by mustahiqqah, which is used to evaluate the behavior of students. Arikunto and Lia Yuliana in Muhammad Hanif state that the results of implementing curriculum development in one semester are formative evaluation and summative evaluation. Both types of evaluation are carried out by the teacher with the aim of knowing the success of the process of implementing the curriculum in class. 25 The most basic evaluation of the Al-Qur'an Al-Qosimi Islamic Boarding School can be seen from the behavior of the students, such as when the call to prayer was echoed all the students were getting ready to welcome His call, of course, this took quite a long time, but because of the persistence of the caregivers, the board and chairman of the room and even the concern for fellow students can be seen that even these daily activities are preserved until they are required.
The emotional expressions of the guardians of the students saw the changes in their children " Jazakumulloh nyai, matur nuwun nyai, sampun mbimbing yugo kulo, sampek kulo nangis nyai, mboten saget seng bade ngungkap aken" 26 The expression of the guardian of the students with gratitude and thanks to the caregivers for guiding their children so that their children very devout, and respectful to parents, from waking up to sleeping again, he does not make himself a king casually, sleeps all day, does not help his mother cook, sweep, wash and others, but on the contrary they make their parents as a king, so that all the activities of parents at home, it's no longer the mother who does it but the child does everything, even though the parents say it's a son, you just go there.
Seeing a glimpse of the morals at this Islamic boarding school, although it is said to be fairly new, this pesantren has not left the values of its predecessors in the slightest, such as getting used to using soft language between students, whether old students or new students. The ban on wearing sandals does not belong to him even though they are both pleased, and they are not allowed to play smartphones when students are sent.

CONCLUSION
Planning for character education in Islamic boarding schools, case studies of tahfidz Al-Qur'an students Al-Qosimi Putukrejo Gondanglegi Malang who have students who still need guidance. This is evidenced by the fact that there are still students who have not used refined language (tatakrama) with good manners, have good morals toward fellow students regardless of the strata of senior students or junior students. While the implementation carried out is the implementation of the adjustment of the vision and mission that has been recorded during the process of memorizing students, with the ethics of memorizing students it is hoped that they will strengthen their intentions, pray to Allah, have riyahdoh (practice) according to their abilities, tawassul, maintain ethics towards the Qur'an, pray and pray for the parents. Dawuh Ibu Nyai and Romo Kiai remain the attention of the board of caretakers, the caretaker of the cottage. The implementation of the Learning Program can be seen during the KBM process, which is stated in the boarding school rules and regulations. Not forgetting the habituation of good character, monitoring, guidance, and the existence of rewards and sanctions will make students more active in learning, acting with good ethics. Character values developed at Al-Qur'an Al-Qosimi Islamic Boarding School include character values related to God: faith taqwa, sincerity, patience, character values related to oneself: honesty, responsible, independence, hard work, discipline, self-confidence, character values related to others: obeying the law of cooperation, courtesy, respecting elders, loving the younger, character values related to the nation respecting cultural diversity and traditions.